步出城南门

《杨褒忠公墓》是一首明代的诗词，作者是叶子奇。以下是对这首诗词的中文译文、诗意和赏析：

步出城南门，来吊褒忠墓。
Walking out of the southern gate of the city, I come to mourn at the tomb of loyal Yang Bao.

墓高三四尺，棠梨已无树。
The tomb stands three or four feet tall, with no trees of tang and pear.

昔人重忠节，尸祝掞崇宇。
In the past, people valued loyalty and integrity, and the deceased was praised and respected.

自从兵甲兴，万物散风雨。
Since the rise of war and conflict, everything has been scattered by the wind and rain.

碑为攻城炮，屋作临冲柱。
Monuments become cannons attacking the city, houses become pillars overlooking the battlefield.

凄凉今日事，岂异金源苦。
The desolation of today's affairs is no different from the bitterness of the Jin Dynasty.

冢傍新骨多，狼籍相撑拄。
Near the tomb, there are many fresh bones, a scene of chaos and support.

饥乌啄人肠，飞过淮河去。
Hungry crows peck at human intestines, flying across the Huai River.

这首诗词描绘了明代的杨褒忠公墓的凄凉景象，表达了对忠诚和正义的赞美，以及对战乱带来的破坏和苦难的感叹。墓地的高度被简单描述为三四尺，棠梨树已经不再生长，象征着岁月的流转和变迁。过去，人们非常重视忠诚和节操，但自从战乱兴起，社会秩序被打破，一切都变得支离破碎。诗中提到的碑和屋分别象征着战争和破败的景象，战争摧毁了城池，使一切都变得凄凉。墓地附近的新骨象征着战乱中死去的人们，他们的骨骼在混乱中相互支撑。最后两句描述了饥饿的乌鸦啄食人的内脏，象征着战乱给人们带来的痛苦和灾难。整首诗词通过描绘墓地的景象，表达了对战乱时期社会动荡和人民苦难的深深忧虑。